Mood Disorders encompass a group of mental health conditions that primarily impact a person's emotional state and overall mood. Common mood disorders include major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and persistent depressive disorder.
Major depressive disorder, often simply referred to as depression, is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of self-worth. It can result in a variety of physical symptoms, including fatigue, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbances, and can interfere with an individual's ability to function in daily life.
Bipolar disorder, sometimes known as manic depression, is marked by fluctuations in mood and energy levels, with periods of mania or hypomania (elevated mood) alternating with periods of depression.
Persistent depressive disorder, also called dysthymia, is a long-lasting condition characterized by a constant low, downhearted mood that lasts for at least two years.
Treatment for mood disorders can involve a combination of methods, including therapy, medication, and lifestyle adjustments. Therapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help individuals with mood disorders identify and challenge negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to their mood disturbances. Medications, such as antidepressants, can also be effective in managing mood disorders.
