What should you know about Autism?

What is Autism?

Autism is a developmental disability that affects how a person communicates, learns, behaves, and interacts with others.

A developmental disability refers to any condition resulting from impairments in physical, learning, language, or behavioral areas.

Autism is often referred to as a “spectrum disorder” because there is a wide variation in the type and severity of symptoms experienced by individuals. No two people with autism are the same — each person has unique strengths and challenges.

World Autism Awareness Day

Every year, April 2 is recognized internationally as World Autism Awareness Day — a day dedicated to increasing understanding, acceptance, and support for individuals with autism and their families.

Organizations in India Supporting Individuals with Autism

• Action for Autism – Delhi
• Assisted Living for Autistic Adults – Bangalore
• Adarsh Charitable Trust – Cochin
• SVM Rehabilitation Centre – Jaipur
• Ummed – Mumbai
• Vatsalyam – Chennai
• Assam Autistic Foundation – Assam
• Utkarsh – Patna
• Autism Society West Bengal – Kolkata

How to Approach Someone with Autism

• Be Kind and Gentle:

  A little kindness goes a long way. Even if you don’t fully understand their behavior, remain calm, respectful, and gentle.

• Encourage and Reassure:

  Avoid questioning their capabilities. Instead, focus on optimism and positive reinforcement — an encouraging comment or compliment can make a big difference.

• Be Patient with Communication:

  Individuals with autism may find it difficult to express how they feel. Don’t rush to find the problem — give them time and space to communicate in their own way.

• Listen Carefully:

  Sometimes they may interpret language literally or misunderstand certain phrases. Listen attentively, and clarify your meaning with patience and care.

• Create a Calm Environment:

  Try to reduce background noise and lower bright lights — overstimulation can cause discomfort or anxiety.

• Understand Stimming:

  Many people with autism engage in stimming (repetitive movements or sounds) to manage anxiety or regulate sensory input. If you notice increased movement, gently ask if they need support.

• Avoid Misunderstandings:

  People with autism are often misunderstood. Stay calm, ask for clarification, and approach every interaction with empathy and openness.